Hybrid ceramic surface treatment for adhesive bonding
Asst. Prof. Barbara Łapińska1, Dr. Agata Szczesio-Włodarczyk2, Dr. Joanna Nowak2, Prof. Jerzy Sokołowski1
1 Department of General Dentistry, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Pomorska 251, 92-213 Lodz, Poland
2 University Laboratory of Materials Research, Medical University of Lodz, Pomorska 251, 92-213 Lodz, Poland,
Objectives
The study compared the adhesive bond strength of two CAD/CAM resin ceramic blocks after being subjected to various surface treatments.
Materials and Methods
Samples of two different CAD/CAM dental materials: resin nanoceramics (RN) (Katana Avencia) and polymer-infiltrated ceramic-network material (PICN) (Vita Enamic), were fabricated, flat-polished and ultrasonically cleaned. The surface treatment involved sandblasting, hydrofluoric acid etching, application of silane coupling agent or ceramic primer, application of universal bonding agent. Following the surface treatment, the adhesive bonding was performed using light curing composite or resin composite cement. After 24-hour water storage, shear bond strength (SBS) was tested, and the bonding interfaces examined to assess the type of failure.
Results
For both tested CAD/CAM materials, the highest SBS values were obtained after surface treatment that involved sandblasting, followed by hydrofluoric acid etching and silane application, finalized by universal bonding agent placement. In this group, the failure mode was predominantly cohesive. The lowest SBS values were noted when ceramic primer was used followed by resin cement, presenting with adhesive failure modes in resin nanoceramics, and mostly cohesive in case of PICN. However, it should be underlined that in this group, PICN samples were HF etched prior ceramic primer application.
Conclusions
The results indicate the application of universal bonding agent as a crucial factor in achieving high SBS values when bonding to tested CAD/CAM materials.