An in vitro study of fluoride ions release from liquid nanohybrid and microhybrid composites
Sylwia Klimas1, Dr. Anna Nikodem2, Dr. Adam Watras3, Prof. Rafał Jakub Wiglusz3, Prof. Maciej Dobrzyński4
1 Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Preclinical Dentistry, Wrocław Medical University, Krakowska 26, 50-425 Wrocław,
2 Department of Mechanics, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Ignacego Łukasiewicza 7/9, 50-371 Wrocław,
3 Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Okólna 2, 50-422 Wrocław,
4 Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Preclinical Dentistry, Wrocław Medical University, Krakowska 26, 50-425 Wrocław,
Objectives
The primary objective of this study was to assess and compare the release of fluoride ions from two selected dental liquid materials, namely Flowable Composite (Henry Schein) and Flow-Art (Arkona), which are commonly used for cavity restoration. Two distinct groups of liquid dental materials, microhybrid composite (Flow-Art) and nanohybrid composite (Flowable Composite), were subjected to rigorous testing.
Materials and Methods
In order to prepare the samples, a special form was utilized. Both materials were then cured for 20 seconds, following the manufacturer's guidelines, using the Bluephase Style 20i polymerization. During a period of 12 weeks, the release of fluoride ions from both materials was analyzed in four different solutions: artificial saliva with pH levels of 4.5, 7.0, and 7.5, as well as deionized water. To carry out this analysis, an ORION 9609 ion-selective electrode was employed at specific time intervals. The measurement of fluorine values in ppm and µg/mg was conducted for each sample. Prior to submerging the material samples into the prepared solutions, their weights were measured. After a week of fluorine release and at the end of the study (12 weeks), the alteration in sample weight was recorded. The disparity in sample masses was then calculated.
Results
Among the various research groups, the pH 4.5 artificial saliva after 24 hours showed the highest average fluorine release (2.990 ppm) from the Flowable Composite material. On the other hand, the Flow - Art material exhibited the highest fluorine release values among the research groups in artificial saliva pH 7.5 after 96 hours of testing (0.138 ppm).
Conclusions
According to higher levels of fluoride ions observed in the case of Flowable Composite material, we may assume that it has better remineralization potential and it is reasonable to utilize it when treating carious lesions.